CST(68)-Structure of HTML

The HTML document has two parts  Head  Body Lets us now create a basic HTML document. <HTML> <HEAD>…..</HEAD> <B...

The HTML document has two parts
  1.  Head
  2.  Body
Lets us now create a basic HTML document.

<HTML>
<HEAD>…..</HEAD>
<BODY>….</BODY>
</HTML>

Here the <HEAD> is used to specify the key aspects of the document, and <BODY> contains text and objects to display in the readers browser.

HEADER

We can use two commonly used tags…<TITLE> & <META>.

We now introduce a tag called<TITLE>, which is a header tag used to display title of the document in the document head. This tag is also used in pairs<TITLE>…. </TITLE>

The <META> tag, which is also a header tag, used to display basic data regarding the content of the website or of that particular web page. Meta tags can have 3 extensions..

Content, HTTP-EQUIV and NAME

HTML BODY


Most of the programming is done in this section, which will be seen on the readers browser. This section may have lot of tags to present the content in the intended manner. The concept here to be concentrated is on very good structure and a clean simple flow of program. We now introduce the most commonly used tags in body section.

Implementation:

<HTML>
      <HEAD>
             <TITLE>My first web</TITLE>
             <META HTTP-EQUIV=”keywords” CONTENT=”hardware, software”>
             <META NAME=”author” CONTENT=coolg@yahoo.com>
       </HEAD>
       <BODY>
              <H1>Header1</H1>….<H6>Header6</H6>
       </BODY>
</HTML>

To manually shift line as per requirement we can use two more tags named <BR>and<P>

<BR> tags refer the browser to make a break of the referred line.
<P> tags refers the browser to give a shift requires after paragraph(tag is in pair)

VISUAL APPROACH

There are certain keywords, which are to highlight in a bunch of text to text to make the word stand apart.

We will be using tags like BOLD, ITALICS, UNDERLINE, TYPEWRITER

Implementation:

<B>this is bold statement</B>
<I>this is an Italic statement</I>
<U>this is an Underlined statement</U>
<TT>this is a monospaced type statement</TT>

HYPERLINKS

This referred as one of the most useful and best tags available on web. This tag helps us in changing or follows the document flow in the website.

<A HREF=”first.html”>My first Web Page</A>This is an example for referring a file in the folder.

Here ‘A’ is called anchor and HREF is an hyperlink reference for the pointer in the browser or the specification of the document address.

IMAGE CODING

The Tag <IMG SRC = “filename.extn”>

Here IMG refers to image and SRC refers source …extn specified here can be any image file format like .gif, *.jpg, *.bmp etc…

The tag also supports ALT, ALIGN, WIDTH, HEIGHT, BORDER

ALT – gives an option to explain what the image is.
ALIGN – specifies the image to be left, right or center.
WIDTH – interprets the browser to display the image in a specified width.
HEIGHT – interprets the browser to display the image in a specified height.

Implementation:

<IMG SRC=”*.GIF” ALT=”This is an image” ALIGN=”center” WIDTH=”100” HEIGHT=”100”>

LISTS

These are the most useful tools in publishing a document. The most commonly used lists are Bulleted lists, Numbered lists.

Bulleted lists uses <UL><LI>…</LI></UL> here UL refers unordered list and LI refers the item tag.

Numbered Lists uses <OL><LI>….</LI></OL> here OL refers as an Ordered list.

BODY ATTRIBUTES

The BODY tag can also be used to make the WebPages more elegant with some of these tags. BGCOLOR, BACKGROUND, TEXT, VLINK, ALINK,LINK.

LINK= “blue” – this attribute specifies the color for unvisited.
ALINK=”red” – this attribute specifies the color for active links.
VLINK=”green” – this attribute specifies the color for the visited links.

Implementation:

<HTML><HEAD> <TITLE>Body attributes</TITLE></HEAD>
<BODY BGCOLOR=”WHITE” BACKGROUND=”GG.GIF” LINK=”Blue”
ALINK==”RED” VLINK=”GREEN”>
<CENTER> My First Web</CENTER>
</BODY></HTML>

FONT APPLICATIONS

The programmer to decide on which font or color specifically uses this tag or size the document presented should be. It is better if we go more with the actually used fonts around the world.

Implementation:

<FONT FACE=”name of the font” SIZE=5 COLOR=”RED”>…..</FONT>

TABLES

Tables are basically used to organize data in a set of rows an columns. But in recent times most of the website extensively uses the concept of tables in their design.

<TABLE>
       <TR>
             <TD></TD>
       </TR>
</TABLE>

Here <TR> specifies that it is the table rows, and <TD>specifies the table division.

<TABLE>structure can have

BORDER=”10” – Specifies the width of pixels for the attribute
CELLPADDING=”2” - Specifies the spacing within the data cells.
CELLSPACING=”2” - Specifies the spacing between the data cells.
WIDTH=”100%” – Specifies the amount of space to be used by the programmer in the screen

FRAMES

This enables the user to create document in multiple windows. We can add scroll bar to the frame and let user to manipulate the size of the frame and add permanent headers and footers.

Implementation:

         <FRAMESET ROWS=”30%,70%”>
                         <FRAMESET COLS=”50%,50%” >
                                        <FRAME SRC=”first.html”>
                                        <FRAME SRC=”second.html”>
                         <FRAMESET>
                         <FRAME SRC=”third.html”>
         </FRAMESET>

Other <FRAME> tag attributes are

<FRAMESCROLLING=AUTO>
<FRAMESCROLLING=YES>
<FRAMESCROLLING=NO>
<FRAMEBORDER> this tag will help us in removing the thin border.

FORM
If you want to know some specific thoughts from your client you can also use the <FORM> tag with details requirements inside.
Name

ADO,131,ASP,3,C++,61,CORE JAVA,1,CSS,115,HTML,297,index,5,JAVASCRIPT,210,OS,47,PHP,65,SAD,53,SERVLETS,23,SOFTWARE ENGINEERING,245,SQL,71,TCP/IP,1,XHTML,9,XML,18,
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